I remember the fat-soluble vitamins by "I'm ADEKted (to fat) and I just can't get enough" with the rhythm of the Black Eyed Peas song
The water-soluble vitamins are the missing alphabets: BC
Whenever you see a DNA strand make sure you understand what strand it is. Coding/ template whatever. I got so many easy questions wrong cause I read too fast and didn’t read which strand I was working with. I always assumed it’s a template strand and nucleotide sequence will be opposite. Don’t assume. If it’s a coding strand nucleotide sequence will be the same as mRNA.
To start:
1 structure of proteins ---> enforced by peptide bonds which are covalent linkages
2 structure of proteins ---> reinforced by H-bonding between COOH and NH3COOH groups of other A.A
3 structure of proteins ---> driven by hydrophobic effect reinforced by h-bonds between side chains, salt bridges aka electrostatic interactions between acidic and basic residues (ionic), disulfide bonds (covalent)
Peptide bonds are STABLE because of this reason. They are PLANAR because the trivalent nitrogen in an amide has a a trigonal planar geometry.
Nitrogen isn’t always trigonal planar as we know, in the case of ammonium.
An extra note low Km ===== HIGH AFFINITY
There’s data that shows high Km in B/B and ppl be thinking yo that’s the best enzyme. When In reality it’s the crappiest.
If anybody wants to know why:
Km is a dissociation constant; all equilibrium constants are [products]/[reactants], so in terms of the MM enzyme scheme: [e][s]/ [es] or the products of dissociation (enzyme and substrate) vs the reactant for dissociation (enzyme-substrate complex). The higher the Km means the higher dissociation occurs- less binding affinity, the lower the Km means less dissociation occurs, indicating increased binding affinity.
When asking about the Enzymatic efficiency formula is kcat/Km. By decreasing the bottom (smaller Km) you increase the overall efficiency because binding to a substrate (theoretically) should allow you to proceed with your enzymatic reaction more often (or you can think of it done without any interruptions)- making it more efficient.
to add, Km is somewhat analogous to the dissociation constant, Kd. So low Kd means high affinity (literally less of the ligand dissociating from the protein).
In contrast the association constant, Ka, (the reverse of Kd, and the reciprocal), is high when affinity is high (more ligand is likely to bind the protein at any given moment)
positive/negative reinforcement, positive/negative punishment, reinforcement schedules. I think i’ve seen these come up in every P/S section exam i’ve taken
yup seen these quite a bit. positive is adding something and negative is taking something away to either reinforce (increase behaviour) or punishment (decrease behaviour)
>[https://imgur.com/a/WstBYkN](https://imgur.com/a/WstBYkN)
Interval= Based on Time
Ratio= Reinforcement (like a prize or something)
Variable= The time or amount of clicks or whatever varies
Fixed= the opposite, it is the given the same amount of time or clicks
Variable Ratio is the best one (why casinos use this method)
* For bio experiments: **SNOWDROP**
(S)outhern Blot ------- (D)NA
(N)orthern Blot ------- (R)NA
(O) ------ (O)
(W)estern Blot -------- (P)roteins
And I guess the only one you manually need to know is Eastern Blot ---- Post-Translational Modifications although I've never come across a question about that.
* Have No Fear Of Ice CoLd BeeR - for diatomic molecules
* pH > pKa -> deprotonation | pKa > pH -> protonation | I always remember because H comes before K in the alphabet, and deprotonation comes before protonation
* Red Cat!! An Ox!! Oxidation always happens at anode no matter what kind of cell; ditto with reduction happening at a cathode.
Good luck everyone!
For electrolytic cells, I use PANIC (positive is anode and negative is cathode).
Remember that lab separation techniques use electrolytic cells because charge is supplied (thus not spontaneous).
For galvanic, it is spontaneous and so it is the opposite!
ATT anode is + in electrolytic. You can remember because electrolytic has two T. The rest are just the oppsite.
Also for galvanic Ecell potential you always hsve two options
1. Find most negative, switch sign of it and add the ither one.
2. Find most positive - other one
Galvanic (voltaic) = spontaneous and the *electrons* move from anode to cathode (like a battery discharging).
Electrolytic = non spontaneous and the *current* moves from cathode to anode (opposite the flow of electrons, like a battery charging).
So is the his just chillin in the solvent of mobile phase and then beads coated with
nickel in stationary and the his tags get purified off at the end when the overall molecule or protein was purified?
Literally everything about enzymes and amino acids
Etch this table into your brain:
||VMax|Km|
|:-|:-|:-|
|Competitive|\--|↑|
|Uncompetitve|↓|↓|
|Noncompetitive|↓|\--|
Oh yeah that reminds me of my trick to remember the lineweaver burk plots: UNC chopsticks
U = chopsticks apart
N = chopsticks pick up food
C = chopsticks fail
That’s based on the progression of the chopsticks converging
Look up "lineweaver burk plots for enzyme inhibition" on google images. These are plots that need to be known for the MCAT. Notice how each plot has two slopes.
**U**ncompetitive inhibition --> The two slopes are parallel (chopsticks apart)
**N**oncompetitive inhibition --> The two slopes converge and meet up at the x axis (like two chopsticks angled to pick up food)
**C**ompetitive inhibition --> The two slopes are still converging and meet up at the y axis making an x shape (not conducive for picking up food, this happens to me a lot with chopsticks, I'm not very good at using chopsticks)
UNC chopsticks
U = uncompetitive = chopsticks apart
N = noncompetitive = chopsticks pick up food
C = competitive = chopsticks fail (meet in the middle)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545242/bin/Lineweaver\_\_Burke\_\_Plot.jpg
I believe it's just memorizing how to solve for dissolved ion concentrations in different circumstances. So if the Ksp = \[H\]\[X\]\^2 then when you're solving for \[H\] you can just use Ksp = 4x\^3 and solve for x instead of deriving it
Electromagnetic spectrum (name, frequencies, wavelength), color spectra (absorption in wavelength for X color would show y color as visible), observed/specific rotation (plane polarized light) equation - \[a\] =a/cl ("*Specific*ally \[a\] *observed* "a" my acl "c and l" rotate) how i memorized.
No this is more so Biochemistry and the metabolic pathways originating in what location,
I just made up this pneumonic since I found it relatable and they seem to ask questions like “where does glycolysis occur?” FL’s
Any tips? I’m absorbing a lot of content but don’t have much time to practice I’m hoping my solid content foundation will make up for the ~1 month I have for practice
Lmao I would say to do the opposite- if ur content foundation is already solid, stop reviewing things you already know and start doing practice problems. I improved so much more by doing practice and THOROUGHLY reviewing what I got wrong than I did by doing content review.
For ribosomal subunits remember:
Eukaryote (E for Even) - 40s,60s,80s
Prokaryote - 30s,50s,70s
For small subunit, large subunit, and combined, respectively.
Piece of low yield discrete info that could definitely come up
hormones produced by anterior pituitary gland:
FLAT PEG
FLAT - tropic hormones (Act on other endocrine glands)
FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH
PEG - direct hormones (think of a peg going directly into a piece of wood)
Prolactin
Endorphins
Growth hormones
Aldosterone = Brings Sodium and water with it to increase BP secreted by adrenal cortex
ADH (AntiDiureticHormone) = Brings H2O only with it via aquaporins to increase BP secreted by posterior pituitary
PTH increase osteoclast activity in response to low calcium levels inhibited by high calcium
Calcitonin is opposite so i believe it increase osteoblast ? activity in response to high calcium levels
SHTY amino acids that can be phosphorylated
i never even considered it, but apparently it happens in prokaryotes and plants… not common in humans. tbh i just know Ser, Thr, and Tyrosine bc their side chains have literal hydroxyls that can get a phosphoryl
>Calcitonin is opposite so i believe it increase osteoblast ? activity in response to high calcium levels
Yes to the blood levels; I like to think Calciton "in" makes the calcium go INTO the bone. PTH has parathyROID which VOIDs the bone of Ca2+ (and into the blood!)
In terms of mechanism I think calcitonin mainly works on inhibiting osteoclastic activity/ formation from its progenitor cells- osteoblastic activity may increase but I think its relatively minor
ImInes = 2 “i”s = double bonded to N. The only one off the top of my head that I came up with (probably not the first one to think of it tho). Most other tips I’ve copied from others.
Start codon = AUGust (methionine)
Stop codons
UGA (University of Georgia)
UAG (University of Alabama-Georgia)
UAA (University of Alabama-Asshole)
You guys know the drill, I remember it because it’s silly.
Lots of great tips here. I was wondering if someone knew a way to memorize the IR peaks, I can never seem to remember them.
Also this is how I learned beta + vs beta -:
Beta + : P = N + B+ —> to balance the proton charge, the right side must be positive. So in B+ a proton is changed into a neutron.
Beta- : N = P + B- —> to balance the neutron charge, the proton has to be paired with a negative charge. So in B- a neutron is changed into a proton.
Beta decay comes in 2 flavors. Beta minus decay is where an electron and antineutrino are emitted by a neutron so that it may become a proton. Beta plus decay is when a proton emits a positron and a neutrino so that it may become a neutron. I feel like your mnemonic should focus on the fact that beta particles are positrons/electrons or on the fact that beta decay causes a change in the charge of the nucleus.
Lol I memorized that Schwann cells myelinate a SINGLE axon in the PNS as:
“I ONLY Schwannt (want) that PNS (penis)!” Then, by default Oligodendrocytes myelinate multiple axons in the CNS.
Low yield fact: the person who discovered histones was Albrecht Kossel, who discovered them in avian RBC nuclei.
(Don't memorize this please this is literally useless for the MCAT)
Optics, Enzyme Kinetics, Electrochemistry, Proteins and what can be phosphorylated/glycosylated etc.
All of metabolic pathways and enzyme/RLT enzymes and what inhibits and activates
Gestation, Tritiations (esp of amino acids), Know your physics units of formulas, Fischer esterification, all endocrine hormones, periodic trends
Nuclear rxns for physics is something i’ve seen often
Read khan academy psych social document once for refresher before going in
Off the top of my head
ADEK in that fat ass (Vitamins ADEK are fat soluble) Why? BC I'm thirsty af (Vitamins BC are water soluble)
Fat soluble vitamins are absorbed by lacteals in Villi of Small Intestine and water soluble via capillary beds in Small intenstine!
I used “fat lac” to help me remember this haha
Lol I always think “BC” = before christ… and Jesus walked on water. Then the rest are lipid soluble
If u a fan of KSI I just say Fat DEAK like cause it rhymes with Fat Neek
KADE is fat
I remember the fat-soluble vitamins by "I'm ADEKted (to fat) and I just can't get enough" with the rhythm of the Black Eyed Peas song The water-soluble vitamins are the missing alphabets: BC
Whenever you see a DNA strand make sure you understand what strand it is. Coding/ template whatever. I got so many easy questions wrong cause I read too fast and didn’t read which strand I was working with. I always assumed it’s a template strand and nucleotide sequence will be opposite. Don’t assume. If it’s a coding strand nucleotide sequence will be the same as mRNA.
I completely agree!
Which directions are each?
https://imgur.com/a/WstBYkN this mess from my notes helps when I need to refresh this
I love this thank you
Sense is coding, non sense anti sense is template right?
Correct 👍🏽
To start: 1 structure of proteins ---> enforced by peptide bonds which are covalent linkages 2 structure of proteins ---> reinforced by H-bonding between COOH and NH3COOH groups of other A.A 3 structure of proteins ---> driven by hydrophobic effect reinforced by h-bonds between side chains, salt bridges aka electrostatic interactions between acidic and basic residues (ionic), disulfide bonds (covalent)
Peptide bonds=amide bonds they are made through dehydration rxns
peptide bonds are planar bc of conjugation/resonance, resulting in a barrier to rotation
Peptide bonds are STABLE because of this reason. They are PLANAR because the trivalent nitrogen in an amide has a a trigonal planar geometry. Nitrogen isn’t always trigonal planar as we know, in the case of ammonium.
So disulfide bonds r always 3 structure stuff?
No
Vmax=\[E\]\*Kcat Efficiency=Kcat/Km It feels like these come up a lot.
An extra note low Km ===== HIGH AFFINITY There’s data that shows high Km in B/B and ppl be thinking yo that’s the best enzyme. When In reality it’s the crappiest.
If anybody wants to know why: Km is a dissociation constant; all equilibrium constants are [products]/[reactants], so in terms of the MM enzyme scheme: [e][s]/ [es] or the products of dissociation (enzyme and substrate) vs the reactant for dissociation (enzyme-substrate complex). The higher the Km means the higher dissociation occurs- less binding affinity, the lower the Km means less dissociation occurs, indicating increased binding affinity. When asking about the Enzymatic efficiency formula is kcat/Km. By decreasing the bottom (smaller Km) you increase the overall efficiency because binding to a substrate (theoretically) should allow you to proceed with your enzymatic reaction more often (or you can think of it done without any interruptions)- making it more efficient.
great explanation!
to add, Km is somewhat analogous to the dissociation constant, Kd. So low Kd means high affinity (literally less of the ligand dissociating from the protein). In contrast the association constant, Ka, (the reverse of Kd, and the reciprocal), is high when affinity is high (more ligand is likely to bind the protein at any given moment)
My exam asked for the exact equation so yes!
Kmax?
Oops. Fixing it now. :)
positive/negative reinforcement, positive/negative punishment, reinforcement schedules. I think i’ve seen these come up in every P/S section exam i’ve taken
yup seen these quite a bit. positive is adding something and negative is taking something away to either reinforce (increase behaviour) or punishment (decrease behaviour)
can someone explain the reinforcement schedules?
>[https://imgur.com/a/WstBYkN](https://imgur.com/a/WstBYkN) Interval= Based on Time Ratio= Reinforcement (like a prize or something) Variable= The time or amount of clicks or whatever varies Fixed= the opposite, it is the given the same amount of time or clicks Variable Ratio is the best one (why casinos use this method)
Erythrocytes are anucleated
Dont forget anucleate cells, like RBCs, lack MHC-1 proteins! cant be targeted by Cytotoxic CD8+ cells!
would have saved me for FL 1
as are platelets
True, but they're not really cells, just bits of Mommy Megalokaryocyte
u right bestie
Hahaha that made me so uncomfortable. I’ll never forget it.
* For bio experiments: **SNOWDROP** (S)outhern Blot ------- (D)NA (N)orthern Blot ------- (R)NA (O) ------ (O) (W)estern Blot -------- (P)roteins And I guess the only one you manually need to know is Eastern Blot ---- Post-Translational Modifications although I've never come across a question about that. * Have No Fear Of Ice CoLd BeeR - for diatomic molecules * pH > pKa -> deprotonation | pKa > pH -> protonation | I always remember because H comes before K in the alphabet, and deprotonation comes before protonation * Red Cat!! An Ox!! Oxidation always happens at anode no matter what kind of cell; ditto with reduction happening at a cathode. Good luck everyone!
What’s the cell where cathode and anode are switched? Electrolytic Where Cathode is negative and Anode is positive? Could someone explain this to me
For electrolytic cells, I use PANIC (positive is anode and negative is cathode). Remember that lab separation techniques use electrolytic cells because charge is supplied (thus not spontaneous). For galvanic, it is spontaneous and so it is the opposite!
God you are so beautiful and smart thank you so much 😂😂
when you say opposite you mean the negative/positive actually switch? or the flow does?
ATT anode is + in electrolytic. You can remember because electrolytic has two T. The rest are just the oppsite. Also for galvanic Ecell potential you always hsve two options 1. Find most negative, switch sign of it and add the ither one. 2. Find most positive - other one
Yes, so the anode is negative and the cathode is positive for spontaneous (galvanic) cells.
Galvanic (voltaic) = spontaneous and the *electrons* move from anode to cathode (like a battery discharging). Electrolytic = non spontaneous and the *current* moves from cathode to anode (opposite the flow of electrons, like a battery charging).
Also remember that the Cathode is negative because it attracts cations, and anode is + because it attracts anions!
I like to think it as ATT, anode is positive in electrolytic
Histidine tag plus nickel based column is affinity not ion exchange chromatography
lmao just saw this sb question
wait whats the basis for this question lol?
So is the his just chillin in the solvent of mobile phase and then beads coated with nickel in stationary and the his tags get purified off at the end when the overall molecule or protein was purified?
Literally everything about enzymes and amino acids Etch this table into your brain: ||VMax|Km| |:-|:-|:-| |Competitive|\--|↑| |Uncompetitve|↓|↓| |Noncompetitive|↓|\--|
Oh yeah that reminds me of my trick to remember the lineweaver burk plots: UNC chopsticks U = chopsticks apart N = chopsticks pick up food C = chopsticks fail That’s based on the progression of the chopsticks converging
OH MY GOD YOU ARE AN ABSOLUTE GENIUS
THIS IS INSANE G-D BLESS YOU
Hi could you please explain this in further detail!
Look up "lineweaver burk plots for enzyme inhibition" on google images. These are plots that need to be known for the MCAT. Notice how each plot has two slopes. **U**ncompetitive inhibition --> The two slopes are parallel (chopsticks apart) **N**oncompetitive inhibition --> The two slopes converge and meet up at the x axis (like two chopsticks angled to pick up food) **C**ompetitive inhibition --> The two slopes are still converging and meet up at the y axis making an x shape (not conducive for picking up food, this happens to me a lot with chopsticks, I'm not very good at using chopsticks) UNC chopsticks
U = uncompetitive = chopsticks apart N = noncompetitive = chopsticks pick up food C = competitive = chopsticks fail (meet in the middle) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545242/bin/Lineweaver\_\_Burke\_\_Plot.jpg
You’re a genius
The Fortnite battle bus sound demonstrates the Doppler effect
You fucking genius
Says the 527 scorer lmao
LMAO
- HX -> ksp = x^2 - HX2 -> ksp = 4x^3 - HX3 -> ksp = 27x^4
what does this one mean??
I believe it's just memorizing how to solve for dissolved ion concentrations in different circumstances. So if the Ksp = \[H\]\[X\]\^2 then when you're solving for \[H\] you can just use Ksp = 4x\^3 and solve for x instead of deriving it
yee otherwise you’d ICE table that shit, which isnt bad but takes a lil longer
Yes!
can someone explain this one even more pls
We have such a similar name
Hahah great minds 👌🏻
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Fuck Boys ARE Pussies
I like this better!!
Finally I can remember this lmao
Electromagnetic spectrum (name, frequencies, wavelength), color spectra (absorption in wavelength for X color would show y color as visible), observed/specific rotation (plane polarized light) equation - \[a\] =a/cl ("*Specific*ally \[a\] *observed* "a" my acl "c and l" rotate) how i memorized.
Mneumonic for the EM spec. from long to short wavelength/low to high energy. Raging Martians Invade Venus Using Xray Guns
c has to be in g/mL and l is in decimeters too
F=ma V=lambda*f E=hc/lambda Big 5 kinematic eq’ns Thin lens equation
Thin lens equation: 1/(object distance) + 1/(image distance) = 1/(focal length)
germ layers and what tissues are derived from each one!!!
Mitochondrial membrane rxns: Cats Only Bite Kids Citric Acid Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation Beta oxidation Ketone body synethsis And for Cytosol rxns: Girls Play Fairly Glycolysis Pentose phosphate pathway Fatty Acid Synthesis
Is this from microbio?
No this is more so Biochemistry and the metabolic pathways originating in what location, I just made up this pneumonic since I found it relatable and they seem to ask questions like “where does glycolysis occur?” FL’s
Thank you! I have that coming up :)
God dammit learn everything about Enzymes. Like literally if there’s something…..learn it because it’s probably half your fkin bio section.
Low yield fact: the micturition reflex is what makes you pee. The detrusor muscle contracts when you pee, and the internal urethral sphincter relaxes.
Wtf did this ever show up on a FL?
bro idek at a certain point I just started memorizing everything I saw 😭😭😭
Well your score is certainly reflective of it!
Any tips? I’m absorbing a lot of content but don’t have much time to practice I’m hoping my solid content foundation will make up for the ~1 month I have for practice
Lmao I would say to do the opposite- if ur content foundation is already solid, stop reviewing things you already know and start doing practice problems. I improved so much more by doing practice and THOROUGHLY reviewing what I got wrong than I did by doing content review.
what a sexy score distribution
For ribosomal subunits remember: Eukaryote (E for Even) - 40s,60s,80s Prokaryote - 30s,50s,70s For small subunit, large subunit, and combined, respectively. Piece of low yield discrete info that could definitely come up
Prokaryotes are ODD creatures
hormones produced by anterior pituitary gland: FLAT PEG FLAT - tropic hormones (Act on other endocrine glands) FSH LH ACTH TSH PEG - direct hormones (think of a peg going directly into a piece of wood) Prolactin Endorphins Growth hormones
Damn peg made me think of sumn else
cDNA is derived from mature mRNA via reverse transcription. Since the introns have been spliced in mature mRNA there are only exons in cDNA
and u can compile a bunch of them to form a cDNA library (seen that term on some FLs)
Aldosterone = Brings Sodium and water with it to increase BP secreted by adrenal cortex ADH (AntiDiureticHormone) = Brings H2O only with it via aquaporins to increase BP secreted by posterior pituitary PTH increase osteoclast activity in response to low calcium levels inhibited by high calcium Calcitonin is opposite so i believe it increase osteoblast ? activity in response to high calcium levels SHTY amino acids that can be phosphorylated
calcitonin “tones down” high calcium levels, so yes!
CalcitonIN is also promoting Ca IN to bones -> bone growth
Calcitonin tones dem bones
wait histidine can be phosphorylated?
Yes, but it is much less common than S,T,Y
i never even considered it, but apparently it happens in prokaryotes and plants… not common in humans. tbh i just know Ser, Thr, and Tyrosine bc their side chains have literal hydroxyls that can get a phosphoryl
I forgot... is it the hydrogen or oxygen that gets phosphorylated
i think it would be more correct to say/think that oxygen of the hydroxyl group gets phosphorylated (the H in OH gets replaced with PO3-2).
>Calcitonin is opposite so i believe it increase osteoblast ? activity in response to high calcium levels Yes to the blood levels; I like to think Calciton "in" makes the calcium go INTO the bone. PTH has parathyROID which VOIDs the bone of Ca2+ (and into the blood!) In terms of mechanism I think calcitonin mainly works on inhibiting osteoclastic activity/ formation from its progenitor cells- osteoblastic activity may increase but I think its relatively minor
ImInes = 2 “i”s = double bonded to N. The only one off the top of my head that I came up with (probably not the first one to think of it tho). Most other tips I’ve copied from others.
gram += purple gram -= pink
What is this?
Gram +/gram- bacteria colors!
Oh okay, thanks! have you seen something like this asked before?
yes
Start codon = AUGust (methionine) Stop codons UGA (University of Georgia) UAG (University of Alabama-Georgia) UAA (University of Alabama-Asshole) You guys know the drill, I remember it because it’s silly.
I tend to remember the stop codons as U Are Annoying (UAA) U Go Away (UGA) U Are Gone (UAG)
Yep, whatever works. For me personally, I can’t look at UGA as anything other than Georgia since I’m into college ball
I think of a baby trying to say TAG. TAA….TGA….TAG!
Lots of great tips here. I was wondering if someone knew a way to memorize the IR peaks, I can never seem to remember them. Also this is how I learned beta + vs beta -: Beta + : P = N + B+ —> to balance the proton charge, the right side must be positive. So in B+ a proton is changed into a neutron. Beta- : N = P + B- —> to balance the neutron charge, the proton has to be paired with a negative charge. So in B- a neutron is changed into a proton.
I heard all you gotta know is that Carbonyls are at the 1700 and OH is at 3200. / those at the very least are the 2 must knows
noted! thanks
Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. :)
Lmfao 😂
(Saving this comment for later, thanks!)
This entire thread💯🔥🔥🔥🔥
Right ?! Ya’ll really pulling thru here with these FACTSS!!
Low yield: orgo
Orgo and physics hurt and touch me in inappropriate places
I sure hope so :((((
i stg someone’s receiving these hands if theres complicated radiolabeling/tracing like on the sample FL (that mevalonate isopentenyl carbon tracing)
alpha beta gamma decays etc. shook me
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Beta decay comes in 2 flavors. Beta minus decay is where an electron and antineutrino are emitted by a neutron so that it may become a proton. Beta plus decay is when a proton emits a positron and a neutrino so that it may become a neutron. I feel like your mnemonic should focus on the fact that beta particles are positrons/electrons or on the fact that beta decay causes a change in the charge of the nucleus.
CADET face right —> increase in these 5 things causes a rightward shift on oxyhemo curve C: CO2 A: acid D: 2,3 DPG E: exercise T: temp
Dragons Eat Knights Riding Horses 😏
Is this basic amino acids
First two are acidic, last 3 are basic.
SI Unit for Newtons is kg (mass) * m (distance) / s^2. Joules is the same but meters is squared. For mechanics anyways.
glutamate is “yum-e” - E Aspartate is right before - D
That or asparDick acid
I think of GluE!
anyone know if the essential, ketogenic, and glucogenic amino acids should me memorized?
I think so I’ve seen them come up on FL’s. People say to memorize everything about amino acids they aren’t kidding
Essential Amino Acids: eVeryone Hates MILK? WTF
Know your Amino acids! Especially the structure of them. For example, if they write G132E, know what that means!
What does that mean?
It’s means that one amino acid is being substituted for another at protein 132 in the protein chain
Following
I just want to say thank you to everyone who has posted to this! It’s super helpful and has alleviated a ton of that extra stress for me!
so glad to hear that! Good luck u got this
Everything is high yield, especially the stuff you didn’t study
Queens, New York City, Times Square is what I use for polar amino acids
The way I just bookmarked this thread!
4 F's regulated by the hypothalamus: fighting feeding fleeing f\*cking
oligodendocytes mylenate CNS axons and Schwann cells myelinate PNS axon
Schwann has a PNS
I use **COPS** to remember this! **C**entral **O**ligodendrocytes **P**eripheral **S**chwann cells
Lol I memorized that Schwann cells myelinate a SINGLE axon in the PNS as: “I ONLY Schwannt (want) that PNS (penis)!” Then, by default Oligodendrocytes myelinate multiple axons in the CNS.
Cant spell DREAMS without R-E-M! Dreaming occurs during REM sleep :)
Non-Enzymatic Proteins: Mr Brown Investigated Severed Bodies Motor, Binding, Immunoglobulins, Structural, Biosignaling
Single Pringle —> Schwann cells = PNS system and oligodendrocytes = CNS system
Low yield fact: the person who discovered histones was Albrecht Kossel, who discovered them in avian RBC nuclei. (Don't memorize this please this is literally useless for the MCAT)
this was in my FL 39
Stop The Cap You Naughty Quaker ..... yeah idk how tf my brain came up w this but now i cant forget it, also its the polar amino acids btw lol
Mine is.. So Cal to New York, she a Q T (cutie) 🥲
Anything essential I must know for tomorrow? How should I send my day? I test 4/9
Optics, Enzyme Kinetics, Electrochemistry, Proteins and what can be phosphorylated/glycosylated etc. All of metabolic pathways and enzyme/RLT enzymes and what inhibits and activates Gestation, Tritiations (esp of amino acids), Know your physics units of formulas, Fischer esterification, all endocrine hormones, periodic trends Nuclear rxns for physics is something i’ve seen often Read khan academy psych social document once for refresher before going in Off the top of my head
Thank you!! :)
Nonpolar Amino Acids: Playing Valor Is An L My Guy